Which genetic syndrome can lead to multiple basal cell carcinomas and medulloblastoma?

Gorlin Syndrome, also known as Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome, is associated with a genetic predisposition to developing multiple basal cell carcinomas, particularly at a young age. This syndrome results from mutations in the PTCH1 gene and can also lead to other tumors, including medulloblastoma, especially in children. The connection of Gorlin Syndrome to both basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma makes it a central point of consideration for clinicians assessing patients at risk for these cancers.

In contrast, conditions like pheochromocytoma are primarily linked to adrenal gland tumors rather than skin cancers. Retinoblastoma is a hereditary eye cancer that primarily affects the retina and does not predispose individuals to basal cell carcinoma or medulloblastoma. Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome is associated with a different set of tumors, including hemangioblastomas and renal cell carcinoma, but does not typically involve basal cell carcinoma or medulloblastoma. Thus, Gorlin Syndrome is the correct answer due to its well-established association with the development of both basal cell carcinomas and medulloblastomas.