What is the likely outcome if untreated CPVT occurs in affected individuals?

Untreated catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) presents a significant risk for those affected, leading to potentially life-threatening arrhythmias triggered by physical activity or stress. Individuals with CPVT are especially vulnerable because the condition can cause the heart to misfire, especially during times of increased catecholamine levels, which often occurs with exercise or emotional stress.

If left untreated, many individuals with CPVT may experience episodes of syncope (loss of consciousness due to decreased blood flow to the brain) or even sudden cardiac death, especially during adolescent years when many patients are becoming more active. Management of CPVT usually involves lifestyle modifications and potentially the use of medications like beta-blockers, or the placement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) to prevent dangerous arrhythmias. In summary, the likelihood of sudden death due to untreated CPVT underscores the critical need for diagnosis and appropriate management of the condition.