What is the general population risk for all birth defects?

The general population risk for all birth defects is approximately 3%. This statistic reflects the percentage of live births that typically have some form of congenital anomaly, encompassing a wide range of defects such as structural abnormalities, genetic disorders, and functional anomalies. Recognizing this risk is crucial for healthcare providers and genetic counselors as they inform expectant parents about potential outcomes and allow them to make informed decisions regarding prenatal screening and diagnostic testing.

Understanding the baseline prevalence of birth defects helps frame discussions around risk factors, genetic counseling, and specialized care for those who may be at higher risk due to family history or other factors. The risk of 3% serves as a foundation in genetic counseling, guiding the assessment of additional risks associated with specific traits, parental age, environmental factors, and known genetic conditions.